Running with the Stallion
Dublin to Denmark in a Viking longship replica
Behind the scenes of a Viking voyage
For six weeks during the summer of 2008, WoodenBoat Senior Editor Tom Jackson served as one of 62 crew aboard the Viking ship replica HAVHINGTSEN FRA GLENDALOUGH on a voyage between Dublin, Ireland, and Roskilde, Denmark. His extensive article is published in the January/February edition of WoodenBoat, which is now on the newsstands.
Because only a very small portion of the photographs of the voyage could be published, we’ve decided to produce 6 slide shows using some of Tom’s “behind the scenes” photographs. Tom took all of these photos during the voyage.
The Crew:
Killing time while awaiting a breeze in Lowestoft, England, Nicolai Espenhain Hansen (left), Martin Rather (center), and another crewman (right) play an ancient version of chess. In archaeological finds of Viking-era ships, the same gameboard was found etched on the bottom side of floorboards.
Fergus Walker of Scotland, on the flute, and David Short of England, who joined in on harmonica. Fergus often played his bagpipes, including during the final approach to Roskilde, Denmark.
Signe Meling, a foreship crew member, learned traditional sailing at the Fosen Folkehøgskole near Trondheim, Norway, and is now studying marine engineering.
Johan Lindén of Sweden stands bow watch.
Carli Kongshaug, a teacher in his regular life, often kept the crew laughing with his good humor. Social skills were highly prized among prospective crew members for a long voyage in a crowded ship with less than a square meter of space per person.
Tajs Køngerskov, left, and Sinéad Quirke of Ireland share a game of Scrabble. The 2008 voyage was Tajs’s fourth season; Sinéad is one of several Irish Ph.D. archaeology students among the crew.
In addition to teaching sailing and leading the HAVHINGSTEN FRA GLENDALOUGH crew during the long voyages from Denmark to Ireland and back, Skipper Carsten Hvid specializes in ropemaking at the Viking Ship Museum in Roskilde.
Louise Kæmpe Henriksen, a historian and a curator with the Viking Ship Museum, catches a bit of sleep.
Tajs Køngerskov shows a young visitor a bit about rowing at the berth in the Portsmouth Historic Dockyards, England.
Signe Meling of Norway (left), Johann Steinke of the United States (center), and Kim Pierri (right) of Denmark catch up on their reading, a favorite pastime.
David Murphy (with a seashell monocle) comes from the Bantry area of Ireland but now lives in England. A graphic artist, he is a competitive oarsman and a veteran of Irish Atlantic Challenge crews.
Third-time crew member Tríona Nicholl of Ireland, a great conversationalist, is a Ph.D. student in archaeology.
Bianca Tecza shows the black sludge scraped from the bilges during a general cleaning.
Tora Heide, the daughter of the founders of the Fosen Folkehøgskole in Norway, has been sailing traditional square-rigged boats most of her life.
Martin Rather occupied the thwart neighboring the author’s for the last half of the voyage.
Åsa Egerquist of Sweden is a boatbuilder specializing in historic craft, and she often organized Viking games.
Toke Morell Neve dons his survival suit. When conditions demanded, all crew were required to wear these individually fitted suits.
Preben Rather Sørensen was the leader of the midship crew (of which the author was one), and as the project leader for the voyage he was also routinely involved in logistics and planning.
Brian Dolan of Ireland—yet another archaeology Ph.D. candidate—and Karen Grønbæk Andersen share a thwart in the aftership.
Alexander Grønbech, a journeyman carpenter living in Copenhagen, has been fascinated by Viking ships since visiting the Roskilde museum as a child.
Tora Heide of Norway and Eric of Ontario find time for rest in the aftership. Eric scrimshanded a Thor’s hammer for each crewmember, personalized with his or her name in runic characters.
Jesper Stig Christensen wears a wool hat custom-made for the 2007 crewmembers by a relative of one of the crew.
Fergus Walker of Scotland demonstrates that sleep often came any way you could find it.
Bjarne Tinkær Sorensen strings up a line of dried fish, a delicacy to some. To the right is Anders Ahlgren of Sweden, an engineer working at the VASA Museum in Stockholm.
Puk Faxe Sabinsky and Signe Meling were among the foreship crew, the wettest, coldest area of the ship. About a quarter of the crew were women.
Trixi was the sole crew member from Germany.
Life On Board:
During the winter of 2007-08, HAVHINGSTEN FRA GLENDALOUGH was on exhibit at a historical museum in Dublin, Ireland. During preparations, she was moored at Custom House Quay, whence she departed amid much fanfare in a pouring rain.
While awaiting fair winds, the ship often came into port. Here she lies at Wicklow, Ireland, where she stopped for several days.
In port, the crew found accommodations where they could; here, in Torquay, England, a vacant storefront the author called “the sardine can” provided tight quarters.
The ship had a warm greeting in Portsmouth, England, where the crew took advantage of the opportunity to visit HMS VICTORY, the archaeological remains of Henry VIII’s MARY ROSE, the iron-sheathed HMS WARRIOR, and numerous pubs.
Question No. 1 in port always addressed the toilet facilities—a glorified bucket. Here, Alexander Grønbech demonstrates the effectiveness of the privacy screening. Note the bottles of hand sanitizer and soap.
In Lowestoft, England, the crew went through timed exercises in lowering the mast, an all-hands project.
Puk Faxe Sabinsky shows an individual strategy for rest.
In fair weather, it was possible to sleep without blankets or a rain cover.
The “quiet ship” period lasted until well in the late morning, giving the off-watch a chance to sleep—so long as there wasn’t necessary work to do.
The first landfall in Denmark—home waters for the vast majority of the crew—was at Glyngøre, where huge crowds met the ship and the crew were treated to fresh oysters and champagne.
An impromptu birthday celebration, with cake and a unique display of candles.
A wholesome playfulness prevailed among the crew. Here, Signe Meling and Lasse Rahn line up little plastic cars, which started off—occasionally—when the ship heeled. An inch or two of movement was cause for joy, a relief to boredom on a long tack.
After entering the ship’s own Roskilde Fjord—home not far away—and with little wind, the crew were allowed to take of their life jackets. Until then, they could only remove life jackets when rowing. On this hot day, many went for a swim.
With the bilges emptied for cleaning, the 7 tons of stone ballast were exposed. The floorboards between deckbeams are removed for access; the planks visibler here are for below-deck stowage.
The stemhead windvane is a copy of a historical find; however, it didn’t appear to work terribly well as a practical matter.
The red-painted “fiske,” or fish, is a heavy mast partner, almost a sculpture, that is mortised over the thwarts. It has a slot cut through its widest part to allow the mast to be lowered; a heavy oak block mortised into its top locks the mast in place once it’s up.
To create a midship sleeping platform, oars are laid out over the thwarts and lashed down.
A plain wooden handle on a sling for the liferafts was given an artistic touch. No one seems to know who carved it.
After a storm, any way that could be found to dry clothing was immediately put to use.
In the aftership, someone found a way to decorate.
With a crew of 62 in a 98’ open boat, people quickly learn to accommodate one another.
David Murphy of Ireland scrapes sludge from the bilges. The whole crew participated in cleanup, once in Lowestoft, England, and once more a day before entering the final destination: Roskilde’s harbor.
The voyage was first and foremost a scientific experiment. Here, boatbuilder Søren Nielsen notes measurements of wear in the halyard block sheave. The bucket at right contains tallow, used as a lubricant on blocks and hemp lines and also as a sealant. The ship had modern navigational equipment and a modern galley, but otherwise was true to its period; the original ship is believed to have been launched in Dublin in 1042.
After two days nonstop through the North Sea, rest and drying out rain-soaked gear took priority. The crew often camped ashore in tents carried aboard for the purpose.
Rowing:
Most often, half the crew rested while the other half rowed, using 30 of the 60 oars. Sometimes, only 20 oars were used. The shifts were one-half hour; the longest row was about three hours.
Kjetil Sildnes (right), the second mate, of Norway, shows the rowing technique favored by the HAVHINGSTEN—leaning very far back. This stroke is only possible when every-other-oar is used.
When all 60 oars were used—as here, with skipper Carsten Hvid imploring a best effort during practice before the “grand finale” approach to Roskilde—tight coordination was required. The thwarts are only 2’6” apart. Such rowing was done mainly for ceremonial purposes when entering or leaving port.
Rain was a frequent companion to the ship, often when leaving port. During the 2007 voyage, only two days were free of rain during the entire six-week trek. At left is Jesper Fischer, the author’s buddy in the ship’s buddy system.
Sometimes, the skipper would order the crew on one side or the other to turn around, making their ability to back their oars more effective. Here, Fergus Walker of Scotland has shifted to face forward on the port side.
In this and the next three photos, Jesper Fischer goes through one complete stroke from the end...
Pausing at the midpoint...
Readying for the next stroke...
and at mid stroke.
Jacob Laage-Thomsen, at 17, was the youngest crew member. The oldest was 65. The crew came from all walks of life, and although the vast majority were Danish, ten nationalities were represented.
As mentioned earlier, rowing was the only time life jackets could be removed.
Rudder fitting:
This was the first year that HAVHINGSTEN FRA GLENDALOUGH used a birch withy—a sapling twisted to split it into fibers like a rope—as the rudder attachment. The first one lasted from Dublin to Portsmouth, the next the rest of the voyage. The boatbuilders consider the withy a resounding success, much better than hemp lines used the year before, which broke. Here, the withy’s outboard end is served.
The root ball serves a stopper knot where it passes through a hole in the rudder.
Once the withy was fitted properly, the rudder was shipped. The process—like everything about the ship—was documented in still and video film footage.
With the upper leather strap in place at the sheer, the withy can be made off.
Manipulating the withy into a knot around a breasthook took some doing.
Once the final knot was tied, a wedge was driven to tighten it up.
Tom Nicolajsen, one of the builders of HAVHINGSTEN FRA GLENDALOUGH, takes a turn at the helm. The tiller runs athwartships through a mortise in the rudderstock. Helming the 98’ boat takes remarkably little effort.
In heavy seas, the ship handled quite well, moving the crew’s weight aft when running downwind.
Sailing:
Close-hauled on an exceptional first day of sailing out of Dublin—with winds gusting to 25 knots or more—the entire crew went to the weather rail as “intelligent ballast.”
Shroud pins allow shroud tension to be adjusted. The heavily tarred hemp lines have a lot of friction, so a simple hitch through the slot in the pin holds the shroud. A separate loop of line is looped over the top of the pin, then the pin is used as a lever to tension the shroud. Once brought to vertical, the pin is held by a simple loop of line. Tightening a shroud is a two- or three-man job.
Bianca Tecza climbed the side of the sail (with a safety harness on) to reset the bowline toggle.
HAVHINGSTEN FRA GLENDALOUGH sails remarkably well close-hauled.
The square sail has a welter of brailing lines used in setting sail, striking sail, and reefing. They are made off at simple rope ring around the mast when not in use.
Occasionally, the crew can row while the sail is set to gain extra speed when necessary.
Sailing downwind, the ship is at her best. She has made 13 knots and is probably capable of more—however, concern about stressing the rudder fittings and the rig brings out a prudent conservatism.
Effortlessly achieving about 9 knots through heavy seas in the North Sea, the ship is an impressive sailing machine.
In quiet conditions in Denmark’s inland waters, HAVHINGSTEN is joined by another replica, one of many built by private associations in Denmark. Like HAVHINGSTEN herself, this one, too, is a replica of one of the five shipwrecks excavated in the Roskilde Fjord in the 1960s. They are beautiful sailers.
Training:
All regular and reserve crew were required to attend a two-day safety training session. Extensive in-the-water drills using life jackets, life rafts, and survival suits ensured that the crew were equipped and prepared for emergencies.
The Viking Ship Museum’s drawbridge provided an excellent training venue in May 2008.
During the early stages of the 2008 voyage, time in port (as in Howth, Ireland, seen here) while awaiting favorable breezes was put to use to train the ship’s new crew in all her systems and equipment.
Mikael Amadeus Bjerkestrand of Norway shows Johann Steinke of the United States how to make off the tack of the sail on the bietås, an athwartships pole, as Bjarne Tinkær Sorensen looks on.
The bietås’s heel is socketed into a fitting near the deck and extends over the rail on the opposite side, and is heavily tied off. The sail’s tack line is captured in the nock on its outboard end, then makes off to a heavy cleat. When tacking, the bietås is shifted so it extends over the opposite side, which must be done quickly.
Bianca Tecza trains fellow crew in using a heaving line, with a fisherman’s float line as a target.
Select an image to view a specific slide show.
When the slide show opens, hover your pointer over image to see the control bar.
Control bar help:
View previous image
Auto slide show
View next image
Move window
Close image window